294th engineer combat battalion wwii

Division. Then an 88 round went right through the number four wing tank. September 16, 1944: Co "C" was served doughnuts and coffee by VII Corps Red Cross girls - believed to be the first Red Cross girls to serve troops on GERMAN soil in World War II. 83. If you have additional information on the 294th I would like to share it with my father-in-law. We slowly made out way West with the two Cutters alongside and landed in Argentia in Newfoundland. March 7, 1945: The Battalion C.P. Our expertise enables us to reconstruct the service history of your individual WWII veteran and to give you a glimpse of the experiences that he or she had during the war-even if their military service records were lost in the fire. Date 1944-09-29. While he was not in the immediate area of the blast he was at the scene of the accident shortly after it occured. Additionally, the commander serves as the Commandant of the U.S. Army Prime Power School, the institution responsible for the development of Army and Navy power generation specialists. Can't wait to hear more about your time spent in training and your work with the engineers. We spent the night shifting the ballast, which was sand, from the stern, forward of the crack in the hull, to try to lift the stern higher out of the water. This list identifies Army units that were awarded assault landing credit for the Normandy invasion, 6 and 7 June 1944. 8. Bill Elias' WWII Story: 258th Engineer Combat Battalion In February 1945, the battalion was selected for the special task of crossing the Rhine River. March 16, 1945: Co "C" moved to OBERWINTER at 1700 hours and started construction of Heavy Ponton Rafts. The Deep River boys were Ernie Calamari, George Ressler, Bill Ackerman, Waldon Hartson, Charlie Euston, George Watrous, Harvey Brooks, Doug Carlson, Ray Swain, and Victor Carlson. Gp. 15. Kamikazes had broken through the air cover and were headed for the convoy. 138. October 25, 1944: Co "C" completed culvert in vicinity of BRAND. New bivouac was established in the vicinity of CERISY-LA-SALLE - Co. "B" bivouac area received several bomb hits at approximately 2330 hours. Wikizero - 90th Light Infantry Division (Wehrmacht) Co "A" relieved Co. "C" on the construction of Timber Trestle Bridge in VICHT. I like how you also gave us further background with the "asides", such as the history of the Digby family. The Bn. 7 to 8, 2020, as. Bn. Holtum, Netherlands. Co "C" (-) 1 Platoon relieved from attachment to 297th Engr. 54. However, I do rent airplanes and fly and have the other pilot handle the radio. 85. As a professional researcher and World War II historian, Bill Beigel provides research services to genealogists, historians, authors, and civilians who are looking for information found in WW2 military unit records. In March of 1943, fourteen young men from Saybrook enlisted in the army and left by bus for Fort Devens. We would like to share just a few words about another of Deep Rivers WWII veterans. April 21 - May 7, 1945: The Battalion moved to BRAUNFELS, GERMANY on April 21st and was given the mission of re-constructing and repairing Route N-49, which was the First U.S. Army's M.S.R., from BRAUNFELS to the AUTOBAHN south of GIESSEN. Shortly after, the battalion participated in two maneuvers in Louisiana, known as the "Louisiana Maneuvers"; there the battalion and its soldiers learned valuable lessons for war. Bn. March 30, 1945: The Battalion moved to HERBORN, GERMANY. alerted for movement with the VII Corps to the ARDENNE Sector. 103. August 12, 1944: Co "A" replaced flooring on Bailey Bridge at St. BEAUDELLA. In February 1955, it was activated and assigned to USAREUR and an Engineer Battalion (Combat Heavy). No one from shore was ever allowed on ships from one particular country. moved to the vicinity of St GERMAIN-LAXIS. Through the United States Army Corps of Engineers, the 249th soldiers provide contracting officer technical representation on projects throughout the world.[9][10]. Destroyers came alongside and were able to rescue all the men on board. moved from BRAUNFELS to WETZLAR on April 29, 1945. October 4, 1944: At 0810 hours an enemy force of approximately one Platoon approached Post #1; a brisk fire fight ensued and the enemy force withdrew leaving 5 dead krauts. Dedicated to the men who proudly served their country during World War II by serving in the 238th Engineer Combat Battalion. In all the 296th Engineers took part in five campaigns, Normandy, Northern Europe, Central Europe, and Ardennes. RONCEY, FRANCE.4 When he heard the sound of Canadian tanks, he knew that liberation was finally at hand. The unit was assigned to V Corps, First U.S. Army. 28. October 16, 1944: At 1705 hours the chow detail enroute to Post #1 was ambushed by 8 Germans - a small fire fight took place and the Germans withdrew. It includes all units except for platoons and detachments that were a part of larger organizations and is based on the following War Department and Department of the Army General Orders: WD GO 70, 1945; WD GO 75, 1945; WD GO 116, 1946; DA GO 23, 1947; DA GO 72, 1948; DA GO 6, 1950; DA GO 37, 1950; DA GO 32, 1953; and DA GO 28 1956. 21. Rufus Dalton was at the Maginot Line bouncing mortar shells off an old citadel. From Taunton, I was transferred to the Topographic Engineers in Leicester in the Midlands. 4th Engineer Battalion 4th Medical Battalion 4th Counter Intelligence Corps Detachment 4th Military Police Platoon 4th Infantry Division Band Headquarters, Special Troops, 4th Infantry. I do not know how current the info is, but it's worth trying first: Unfortunately I do not have anymore info at the present time. Many times there is a daily record of events which shows daily combat details within the company, troop or battery to which the individual WWII veteran was assigned. 116. Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community. The training was in preparation for the anticipated crossing of the RHINE RIVER. It was Oran in North Africa. QUETTEHOU, FRANCE.16 Learn more. Part 1 of 2. Bn. Discover the military campaigns and battles your WWII veteran took part in. This was not surprising since we were constantly working with explosives. Stan said their first job was repairing the main supply route from Utah Beach. I'm sure he would be glad to share his experiences with you. They were sent to Fort Devens, then assigned to the 296th Combat Engineer Battalion, and shipped to Camp Shelby, Mississippi for basic training over a period of seven months. 12. A round from a German 88 immediately tore through the engine compartment, but left him unhurt. He came in as a replacement to a tank destroyer battalion. September 28, 1944: The Bn. EmailPhone, Research A World War II Veteran (WWII WW2). Work was resumed at 0800 hours on July 16 and the bridge was completed at 1400 hours. A brisk fire fight ensued until daylight. The unit was discharged on December 19, 1945, from Fort Devens, MA. The 249th sailed from the United States to England in May 1944, after equipping and preparing for combat, the Unit landed on Utah Beach in August 1944 under the 1137th Engineer Combat Group commanded by Colonel George A. Morris. Co "C" attached to 297th Engr. Power Surge, 249th Engineer Battalion Responds to Electrocutions in Iraq by LTC Paul B. Olsen, P.E. The main difference lies in the divisional structure. 118. 57. Division launched an attack through our positions in the direction of HURTGEN and GEY; Co "B" made a limited attack in front of Post #2 & #3 for the purpose of deceiving the enemy. August 26, 1944: Co "A" constructed reinforced Infantry Support Bridge 504 ft. in length across the SEINE RIVER at MELUN in 5 hours. John Souther was on reconnaissance patrol when he nosed his halftrack up over the edge of the gully in the Tunisian desert. Forward Observer Rufus Dalton went into the demolished city looking for a rifle company he was instructed to find. It's rotten losing men at any point in the juncture, but so sad that all these men were killed in training. Get up!" 61. Then fate intervened in the form of an ambulance without a driver. The Battalion advance C.P. 34. Company "C" had just finished an exercise with mine laying and then picked up the anti-tank mines and placed them alongside a truck to be taken to a safe area until the next exercise. As they approached the beach, the ship hit two mines and sank. March 6, 1945: The Co "C" C.P. 6. 97. ArchiveGrid : 296th Engineer Combat Battalion collection, 1944 - OCLC September 22, 1944: Co "C" started constructing a Class #40 Timber Trestle bridge under the Bailey Bridge in VICHT. 11. August 28, 1944: Bn. RootsWeb is funded and supported by 40. The windows blew out the way he told me. Does your father-in-law remember the hospital and was he involved in the building of the road from the port of Weymouth prior to and for D-Day? moved to a new bivouac in BELLEAU WOODS in the vicinity of CHATEAU-THIERRY. It was the day that was going to affect the lives of approximately one thousand men. was shelled by artillery from across the RHINE RIVER - T/5 Malone was killed, Capt. His father worked as a chef in America and as soon as he became a citizen in 1939, he sent for the rest of the family. Co "B" 294th Engr. When the pumps began operation, a 40-foot-wide opening was made in the sheet piling to allow water to flow out of the canal. 90. 23. April 5, 1945: The Battalion moved back to KROPPACH north of ALTENKIRCHEN. 60. Then, began the grim task of collecting the personal belongings of the dead and preparing them for burial at sea. moved to the vicinity of COUPTRAIN and was given the mission of supporting the 9th Inf. It receives no town or state funding. Redesignated on 9 November 1954 as the 237th Engineer Battalion (Combat)(Army), the Battalion was allotted Joe Izzillo- 4907 Europa Drive, Naples FL 34105- (239) 262-2778. Co "C" swept the road from ROTGEN to ROTT for mines. By 1630 hours all units of the Battalion had been relieved - the Battalion moved back to RAEREN. The 296th crossed the Rhine River south of Bonn. July 28, 1944: Bn. Companies cleared abaties from roads in the vicinity of EUPEN and MONSCHU. Two engines were out, a third smoking, and they were were losing airspeed and altitude, but they were flying level and pointed home. less Co "B" plus Co "C" of the 294th Engr. I know Colin will be tickled pink to read this. ABMC Headquarters 2300 Clarendon Blvd, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22201 Phone: 703-584-1501 135. New Yorker Bob Darino was drafted in 1943 and trained as a combat engineer. You may want to try and contact this gentleman. In loving memory of my grandfather who served with Co. A in this unit, I would like to bring together friends and. September 17, 1944: One Platoon of Co "C" demolishing pillboxes in the vicinity of ZWEIFALL, one platoon of Co "C" maintaining ford in MONSCHU. All men returned safely. Frank Capuozzi was a rifleman who rode in a jeep ahead of the guns as they pushed across France. My guess is he was in another unit prior to his service in the 257th. GAVRAY, FRANCE.6 It was horrendous. 257th Engineering Combat Battalion | WWII Forums August 1, 1944: Bn. It was later learned that the town had never been secured by the 4th Armored Division. This Veterans Day we give THANKS to all who have served our country and continue to recognize those 416 men and women who served Deep River during World War II. The exact battles your WWII veteran took part in. moved to the vicinity of PHILIPVILLE - an Advance C.P. Waiting for the main part of his unit to catch up, he told soldiers he thought were sleeping to "Get up! March 14, 1945: The Battalion moved to DUISDORF, in the vicinity of BAD GODESBERG, GERMANY in preparation for the crossing of the RHEIN RIVER. Blackhawk and Chinook helicopters had dropped over 200 sand bags, with approximately 125 sandbags breaking the surface of the water. The reason for the withdrawal was that the position now had no tactical value due to the new enemy situation. - Present Carthage Armory Carthage, Missouri, United States I have been back to Sherborne on four occasions. 44. . in honor of LtGen Lawrence Snowden & LtGen George Christmas.). His training continued on board ship in the Pacific. The 237th Engineer Combat Battalion served with distinction under 1st Army during WWII. December 25, 1944: At 1800 hours the Bn. Co "C" started preparing a site for construction of a Bailey Bridge to by-pass an existing bridge west of GEY. November 16, 1944: The 4th Inf. Bn. You are a great artist. Co "A" constructed a Class #40 D/S Bailey Bridge over the timber trestle bridge in VICHT. BELLEAU, WOODS, FRANCE.10 1893-1973 Photographs, United States Army Engineer Combat Battalion, 296th, United States Army Engineer Combat Battalion, 296th Archives. 89. By October, all of 296th was in Belgium. What do they do at Parris Island? The remainder of the night was utilized for digging in which was a difficult operation in the frozen ground. Army Superior Unit Award for 2005 (Hurricanes Katrina, This page was last edited on 7 June 2022, at 00:05. June 24, 1944: Co "C" constructed a Class 40 timber trestle bridge at St MARTIN-DE-AUDOVILLE. moved to vicinity of GAVRAY, and reverted to control of the 1120th Engr. The 294th built the second bridge across the Rhine River, and Carroll recalled that as the American army moved into Germany, all the cities they came across were piles of rubble. 58. 17. The main thrust of the effort was to use assault boats to get troops from 5th Infantry Division across and later to construct a more stable pontoon bridge. Growing up in Baltimore, Harry Kone used to hang around the docks watching the cargo ships unload. This was a Pile Bent Bridge with 3-story trestle bents on the piles, 55 feet high. October 6, 1944: 47th Enfantry [sic] Regt. Frank learned English and worked in the restaurant with his father. The ship cracked across the deck and partly down the hull. Group. They made a desperate run for Brussels, which had been liberated. 238th Engineer Combat Battalion - Facebook moved to a new bivouac in the woods South of EUPEN. Thomas W. Silva, Lt. Ray L. Whiteturkey and 42 men from H&S Co. and Co. "C". The truck disappeared and 29 men were torn apart and their bodies were scattered through the trees. as of 1300 hours. 294th Engineer Company | CurrentOps.com The other officers that were supplied to the unit were second lieutenants from the 1943 class of West Point. Upon arriving to the front, the 249th was assigned to the 26th Infantry Division, already engaged and in defensive positions along the southeast corner of the Bulge. We can actually determine the exact aerial missions that your individual Army Air Corps pilot flew. This bridge remained in use until 1955. 131. November 29th: Our National Day of Giving. That took place in Devon when the soldiers and sailors were practicing landings in an area which had been picked because the topography was similar to Normandy. May 26, 2010 at 2:13 pm. 3 March-31 Dec. 44, contains the following sections: Chronicle, Operations and training, Recreation, Battle casualties, Commendations, and Awards and decorations. Then he got acquainted with giant mosquitoes. April 17, 1945: This day marked the end of the RHUR POCKET in which 315,000 Germans were captured. Division assembly area in the vicinity of LE DESERT. Google Map of Major Ops of the 298th The Battalion C.P. 284th Combat Engineers After this bridge site was secure, the 249th was detached from the 1137th Engineer Group and was given the mission to secure and maintain the bridges on the Rhine River. For Air Corps flight crews we can determine the exact flights that your individual Air Corps veteran took part in. U.S. Army Combat Engineers, 1941-45 - HistoryNet The 257th was also credited the Ardennes-Alsace campaign (9 Dec 1944-25 Jan 1945) and the Rhineland (22 Feb - 21 Mar 1945) campaign. CARANTILLY, FRANCE.24 Division. 31. This article incorporates public domain material from .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}249th Engineer Battalion lineage and honors information as of 1 March 2004. It didn't blow up the plane, but they lost all the fuel for that engine, so now they had two engines out. Newspaper Items- 298th Engineer Combat Battalion, WWII - RootsWeb wikipedia.en/Battle_of_the_Bulge_order_of_battle.md at main Understand what your WWII veteran experienced while assigned to specific infantry units, ships or squadrons. He bunked with regular B-17 crew members, but Bill Livingstone was a gunnery instructor who was there to keep skills sharp. 294th Engineer Combat Battalion - American Battle Monuments Commission It was many years after the war that a local reporter, using the Freedom of Information Act, wrote the true story. 104. 25. October 20, 1944: Co "A" was attached to 297th Engr. 84. 20. Henk Duinhoven was lucky to be in the countryside, where gardens had been harvested. moved to the vicinity of LUMINGNY. moved 100 miles on the night of August 24 - 25th to the vicinity of LA LUPE, arriving at 0830 hours on the morning of August 25th. By the time we finished training, the war in Africa was over. August 14, 1944: VII Corps jumped off with the 3rd Armd. September 26, 1944: Co "C" attached to 297th Engr. The battalion was organized and under the command of only three captains. 136. 47. 109. 51. After an accident resulting in a raft being sunk, the Battalion moved downriver to Mainz. There are two plaques on the south side of Sherborne Abbey with the names of the 29 men who were killed on March 20, 1944. As a professional researcher and World War II historian, Bill Beigel provides research services to genealogists, historians, authors, and civilians who are looking for information found in WW2 military unit records. But the highlight for every guy in the outfit was building the largest bridge in the European Theater. Gp; Co "C" joined the Battalion at ERZEE, BELGIUM. Their mission was accomplished. Heat, insects, and mud were constant companions during basic training. The History of The 298th Engineer Combat Battalion in Europe December 30, 1944: The Battalion was relieved of the defensive position at 1800 hours by a re-enforced Co. of Infantry of the 75th Inf. Over several days from June to early July 1944, the unit went by parts from England to Vierville, France. It was an emotional moment. 1 talking about this. His C.O. He heard some firing from another gun and turned around just in time to see a horrifying sight. 294th Engineer Combat Battalion US Army in Memoriam (pamphlet), 1989 The 296th Combat Battalion held reunions every 2 years in Mass, Rhode Island, and CT. 3RD ARMORED DIVISION 114. This bridge remained in use until 1955. Henk Duinhoven was in church with his family when the sounds of bombing started. 1 talking about this. Bn. Even though they were only delaying the inevitable, the Germans weren't beat, yet. B-24 flight engineer Bill Toombs was over Germany when bad went to worse. Co "B" sent a five (5) man patrol to investigate enemy positions during the afternoon. of the 60th Infantry Regt. ", Robert G. Sherrard Jr. collection 1930-1931, 1943-1957, 1967, circa 1986- 2003, Leonard R. Boyd collection, 1916-1946 (bulk 1918-1929), 1262nd Engineer Combat Battalion collection, 1944-1946, undated, World War, 1939-1945 -- Engineering and construction, World War, 1939-1945 -- Prisoners and prisons, American, World War, 1939-1945 -- Regimental histories, Robinson, Edward G.,. April 14, 1945: Co "B" constructed a Class #40 D/S Bailey Bridge at WIPPERFURTH, GERMANY. in the crossing of the SIEG RIVER and the reduction of the RHUR POCKET. October 12, 1944: Co "A" Platoon on Post #9 were straffed [sic] by our own planes at 1416 hours - no damage was done. He was in the hospital right at the time of the explosion . That was only one hazard at the air fields in China; the others being Japanese air raids and infiltrators. Co "C" still defending road blocks with 297th Engr. March 12, 1945: The Battalion moved to LECHENICH, GERMANY. The 296th landed on Omaha Beach in Normandy 20 days after D-Day. 1944 to engage the 236th and another battalion of combat engineers, the . Division whose mission was to seize and hold the west bank of the ROER RIVER south of DUREN. One of the daughters, Pamela Digby later married Randolph Churchill, Winston's son. The history, titled History 296 Engr. November 9, 1944: Bn. Next, they removed minefields, anti-personnel and anti-tank mines. 67. His unit joined the forces ordered into the Battle of the Bulge, where he had to get some help when he was frozen in a foxhole. This tradgedy took place in the grounds that housed the 228th American Hospital in Sherborne, Dorset, UK. Are you stuffed from all that turkey and fixings? Several prisoners were captured in the vicinity. moved from ANDENNE, BELGIUM to RAEREN, GERMANY. (C) Bn. Whitney were injured. From then on it was the road to Berlin. When he did get home he started a family and worked as a top rate hairdresser in New York. 117. This bridge was very important as it was the first bridge across the river in the 9th Inf. Everyone made it out of the plane except George "Danny" Daneau, the nose turret gunner, who went down with the aircraft. 36. March 17, 1945: Co "A" attached to 4th Cav. moved to BIRKESDORF, GERMANY. They don't realize how wonderful it is to hear and I bet you'd be so happy to have yours back. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. BOIS DE LUMIGNY, FRANCE4 . This was a Pile Bent Bridge with 3-story trestle bents on the piles, 55 feet high. Research A World War II Veteran (WWII WW2) - Golden Arrow Research C.P. Co "B" attached to the 297th Engr. An Engineer Combat Battalion (ECB) was a designation for a battalion -strength combat engineer unit in the U.S. Army, most prevalent during World War II. The Bn. Bombers. Ed Harrell describes in detail the sinking of the USS Indianapolis from Japanese torpedoes, which left nearly 900 Sailors and Marines in shark-infested Pacific waters. The battalion met little resistance across the river and quickly began constructing the bridge. moved from PLOMION to the vicinity of MARIEMBOURG, BELGIUM. As a photo-recon pilot, he was dispatched as soon as the attacks ended to search for the enemy fleet. 4. . Unfortunately, because of my profound deafness, I am not permitted to fly. 62. January 30, 1945: The Battalion moved from ERZEE, BELGIUM to the vicinity of HUY, BELGIUM. WISSEN, GERMANY.12 Personnel losses were as follows: Capt. Gp. 82. moved to BRISCOL, BELGIUM where the vehicles were parked. 40 Bailey bridge in SHEVENHUTTE, GERMANY. Chow detail going to Post #1 was ambushed by a 6 man patrol; the enemy patrol withdrew after a short fire fight. 80. as of 0800 hours. His job in the 1st Armored Division was to be out in front with his eyes open, and he was doing just that when a huge amount of enemy was spotted. placed in direct support of the 3rd Armd. 5. November 8, 1944: The Bn. On 16 July 1965, the 299th Engineer Battalion was alerted for movement overseas to the Republic of Vietnam. The result was almost 800 dead. They are a component of the United States Army Corps of Engineers . moved to RAEREN. August 27, 1944: Bn. moved at 1630 hours and reached the destination at 2030 hours. It was their third mission over Berlin and they were heading home. Regt. They had a little too much fun and ran into some MP's who had a grudge against their unit. 124. In 1994, the battalion was reactivated and designated as the 249th Engineer Battalion (Prime Power), stationed at Fort Belvoir, VA. WW2 Army Unit Records Research | WW2 Research 123. However, I strongly suggest that you contact the Army Corps of Engineers to see if they have a file on his unit. 37. Both on the attack and on the defense, engineers led the way. Gp.) My first suggestion? Duties in France included repairing roads, removing mines, disposing of a bomb, and removing, repairing, and constructing bridges. His unit was suddenly pulled and sent to take Patton's place in the line after the general was summoned to the Bulge. VIC. Bn. It was completed on V.E. constructed Class 40 Bailey Bridge at CHERAIN, BELGIUM. The Bn. She worked as a secretary at the 228th while I was there. 44th Engineer Combat Battalion | American Battle Monuments Commission 50. Part 2 of 2. The division was inactivated at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia on 27 November 1945. 69. From there, we boarded a ship and headed out in convoy to Glasgow, Scotland in January, 1944. How should we contact you? They learned how to dismantle and remove land mines, repair and build bridges and construct camps for their comrades in other units. Any contribution above basic membership is tax deductible, and is most appreciated. The level of combat detail varies from unit to unit. 294th Engineer Combat Battalion - 1944. November 25, 1944: Co "B" was attached to 294th Engr. 59. About a week after the explosion on March 20th, I was taken to a General Hospital in Taunton, Somerset for further treatment. moved to WISSEN. Those do give us a better feel for the area and the time period.

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