Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Courtroom scenes foreshadow, Short film on community organization for accident prevention. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Burr, often challenged by . wheelchair. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Max faced off with a Burr clone in "Leadside. He won two Emmy Awardsin 1959 and 1961 for the role of Perry Mason, which he played for nine seasons between 1957 . He's doing an NBC show. [53] The series also starred Barbara Hale as Della Street, Mason's secretary, William Talman as Hamilton Burger, the district attorney who loses nearly every case to Mason, and Ray Collins as homicide detective Lieutenant Arthur Tragg. As the war became more controversial, he modified his tone, called for more attention to the sacrifice of the troops, and said, "My only position on the war is that I wish it were over." He was really in love with her, I guess. Perry tells Lt. Tragg that it is an old war injury that has flared up. Raymond Burr is synonymous with Perry Mason. Burr's international . Raymond William Stacy Burr (May 21, 1917 - September 12, 1993) was a Canadian actor known for his lengthy Hollywood film career and his title roles in television dramas Perry Mason and Ironside . In 1993, months before his death, Burr starred in the TV movieThe Return of Ironside. [4] His father William Johnston Burr (18891985) was a hardware salesman;[5] his mother Minerva Annette (ne Smith, 18921974) was a pianist and music teacher. Gabby Douglas is a three-time Olympic gold medal winner in gymnastics. Actor Raymond Burr, plays the role of Chief of Detectives Robert T. Ironside, during the filming of "Ironside" circa 1975 in Los Angeles, California. [72] Benevides gave up acting in 1963,[6]:10203,120[72] and he became a production consultant for 21 of the Perry Mason TV movies. . Can you guess the show by the first and last episode titles? The ancient window a/c unit still manages to keep the unpretentious place cool. of the Killer Kiss" he only stood one time. Kingston, a publishing magnate similar to William Randolph Hearst, owner of numerous newspapers and TV stations, who, in his spare time, solved crimes along with a group of employees. Raymond Burr, frankly, was outstanding in everything that he did. It was a critical failure that was scheduled opposite the extraordinarily popular Charlie's Angels. [citation needed] Burr named one of them the "Barbara Hale Orchid" after his Perry Mason costar. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Raymond Burr: A Film, Radio and Television Biography, 11 incredibly cool facts about Burt Reynolds, 6 familiar characters who got their own ''spin-off babies'' cartoons, 12 Sally Field roles that range from iconic to obscure. "When they asked me to do it a second time, I said, 'Certainly,' and everybody thought I was out of my mind," Burr told Tom Shales of The Washington Post. Sadly, by this point, the wheelchair was no act. Established in 1986. In addition to the opening theme music, Quincy Jones composed the entire score for the first eight episodes. American television crime drama, 1967-1975, This article is about the original 19671975 television series. In film he appeared in Raw Deal, A Place in the Sun, Crimes of Passion, The Blue Gardenia, Rear Window, Godzilla, King of Monsters and Airplane II. Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. had already been tentatively cast as Perry Mason. Who is Katy mixon body double eastbound and down season 1 finale? 1967. Burr (who died in 1993) is white; Underwood is black. Raymond William Stacy Burr[1][2][3]:1 was born May 21, 1917, in New Westminster, British Columbia. In the 1956 program Fort Laramie, Burr starred as Cavalry Cpt. From 1967 to 1975, Raymond Burr (Perry Mason) celebrated his second m. . After NBC's midseason cancellation, however, the syndicated episodes reverted to the Ironside title. Mason also loses a civil case at the beginning of The Case of the Dead Ringer, partly due to being framed for witness tampering. Since nearly 20 years had passed since Ironside left the air, and as he had been playing Perry Mason on television for the previous eight years, Burr felt that he was more associated with Perry Mason. He told Parade that when he realized Michael was dying, he took him on a one-year tour of the United States. [23]:258259[33] The half-hour transcribed program aired Sundays at 5:30p.m. He was not the first choice, however. Raymond Burr, the portly actor who became a TV icon as a crime-solving lawyer in the long-running "Perry Mason" series, died at his Northern California . Raymond Burr as wheelchair-bound San Francisco detective, Robert Ironside in the 'Ironside' television series, circa 1970 | Source: Getty Images Advertisement Death and Memories Burr died of liver cancer in his California home a few days after completing his last project. Ironside is an American television crime drama that aired on NBC over 8 seasons from 1967 to 1975. [15] Season 4 was re-released on August 22, 2017. He had a film crew shoot him with the Sydney Harbour Bridge in the background, and the footage was used in later episodes. What experience do you need to become a teacher? Wheelchair-bound detective Robert T. Ironside battles the bad guys on the streets of San Francisco. 8 Who is the actor in the movie Ironside? The 1980 television movie Murder Can Hurt You spoofs numerous TV detectives from the 1970s and '80s, and includes Victor Buono playing the wheelchair-using detective Ironbottom. Try to name all the famous people on magazine covers in 1979. [72] "That was a time in Hollywood history when homosexuality was not countenanced", Associated Press reporter Bob Thomas recalled in a 2000 episode of Biography. In the book Crime Television, Cy Chermak, executive producer of Ironside, recalled, "One year we changed the back rest from a drab brown to tiger striped motif. a wheelchair in the series "Ironsides" which aired in September In a foreshadowing of his Ironside role, he had to record much of his lines while confined to a wheelchair, afterinjuring his leg during the filming ofCrime ofPassion. American Dad has an episode, "Wheels and Legman", that loosely parodies Ironside in which Roger and Steve have a fictional detective agency. Those girls would take one look at me and scream and can you blame them? Crossword Answers for "Raymond burr's wheelchair-bound detective" Added on Tuesday, October 1, 2019. His performance as the loyal friend of the imprisoned protagonist led to a contract with RKO Radio Pictures. Continue Learning about General Arts & Entertainment. He sufferd from Polio, which caused him to have to use a In "FYC," the subject isn't so much the movie industry (Guest already made the best American . [67] It was determined that the cancer had spread to his liver and was at that point inoperable. The house featured six bedrooms and seven bathrooms with 8,697 square feet of interior living space. He recruits Mark Sanger to be his personal assistant after Sanger is brought in as a suspect who wanted to kill Ironside. Burr. Operating from a specially equipped office at SFPD headquarters, Ironside . If your wheelchair is durable enough, push it own the [77], At various times in his career, Burr and his managers and publicists offered spurious or unverifiable biographical details to the press and public. What did mark from Ironside do after Law School? March 6, 1970 (aged 55) Palm Springs, California, U.S. Ed Brown (Don Galloway) and a glamorous socialite-turned-cop,Eve Whitfield (Barbara Anderson). Interred at Fraser Cemetery, New Westminister, British Columbia, Canada. He used a wheelchair in the series "Ironsides" which aired in September 1967. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Of course, he played the titular wheelchair-bound police consultant on Ironside, too. Robert Benevides later said, "He was a little bitter about it. HOWEVER, he did appear in a wheelchair in the Perry Mr. Burr, who had a busy film career before Perry Mason, also starred as the crusty San Francisco detective confined to a wheelchair in the NBC series Ironside, which ran from 1967 to 1975. In the case of Raymond Burr, the venerable actor was able to shake off the suits of Perry Mason and catch lightning again as Ironside. Yes they are. . Another of Burr's passions was flowers. I am an unmarried man, as opposed to a single man. Wrecking balls and bulldozers took 5 months to raze the building. Shout! Of course, he played the titular wheelchair-bound police consultant on Ironside, too. In the years between the end of Ironside in 1975 and the first Perry Mason movie in 1985, Burr's appearance had undergone some changes. his life Raymond Burr returned to a wheelchair, riding in one when he left hospital to die at his California vineyard home at Dry Creek. Offscreen, Ms. Hale and Mr. Burr were close friends. Ironside, about a crusty detective in a wheelchair, running on NBC from 1967 to 1975. Yet the Canadian-born actor was far more than television's greatest defense lawyer. He developed a passion for growing things and joined the Civilian Conservation Corps for a year in his teens. The Return of Ironside aired in May 1993, reuniting the entire original cast of the 196775 series. Raymond Burr actually planted the vines in the '70's. The wine was very good and their port is worth the visit alone. OnJanuary 20, 1987, he hosted the NBC special that became the pilot for the series, though his services would prove to be too costly for the network to keep him on as host. [6]:2630, In 1960, Burr met Robert Benevides, an actor and Korean War veteran, on the set of Perry Mason. [72] In 2017, the property was sold. His best-known performance is perhaps the Outer Limits episode "O.B.I.T." a wheelchair in the series "Ironsides" which aired in September Was Raymond Burr really need a wheelchair? [4][5] This recording was then edited and used for the opening credits of the fifth through eighth seasons (19711975). Image: NBC Prev Article Next Article Associated Press. In reality, Raymond Burr had been injured in a helicopter crash on one of his many tours of Vietnam to entertain the troops, during a hiatus in filming Perry Mason. Beyond the screen, Burr was a horticulturist, anoenophile and a seashell collector. Burr was up for the lead role of Matt Dillon in Gunsmoke, though he was deemed too overweight for the role, as was William Conrad, the man who played the Marshal on the radio. For eight seasons, from 1967-75, Burr portrayed the titular wheelchair-bound police consultant on Ironside. Released posthumously; features an in-memory notice at the end of film. Producer-directorCharles Marquis Warren was reported to have proclaimed, "When he stood up, his chair stood up with him.". In addition, delinquent-turned assistant Mark Sanger (Don Mitchell), who subsequently attends and graduates from law school (night classes were mentioned from early on), joins the San Francisco police force himself in the sixth season, then marries late in the run of the series. By 1929, he was was appearing in radio dramas broadcast from San Francisco. Raymond Burr. He was 76. Dick Van Dyke turned into Dr. Mark Sloane on Diagnosis: Murder. In the case of Raymond Burr, the venerable actor was able to shake off the suits of Perry Mason and catch lightning again as Ironside. Canadian actor Raymond Burr as wheelchair-bound San Francisco detective, Robert Ironside in the 'Ironside' television series, circa 1970. Robert T. He became best known for his work as private detective Paul Drake in the CBS television series Perry Mason.Is Paul Drake still alive? [76], Although Burr had not revealed his homosexuality during his lifetime, it was reported in the press upon his death. Whether or not he had relationships with women, I had no idea. Mr. Perry Mason himself. Image: The Outer Limits /MGM Home Entertainment, 11 incredibly cool facts about Burt Reynolds, 6 familiar characters who got their own ''spin-off babies'' cartoons, 12 Sally Field roles that range from iconic to obscure. "[6]:119[d], Arthur Marks, a producer of Perry Mason, recalled Burr's talk of wives and children: "I know he was just putting on a show. [16] His courtroom performance in that film made an impression on Gail Patrick[18] and her husband Cornwell Jackson, who had Burr in mind when they began casting the role of Los Angeles district attorney Hamilton Burger in the CBS-TV series Perry Mason. Burr's fascinating biography was filled with fabrication and speculation, as he and his publicists obscured his private life. The marriage ended within months, and Ward returned to her native Delaware. Quentin Tarantino would recycle the dramatic motif in Kill Bill, whenever Uma Thurman was entering a rage. Burr completed his last Perry Mason film in mid-August in Denver, showing up on the set at 4 a.m. in a wheelchair. Burr would show up on set at 4 a.m. in a wheelchair and scenes would be re-written to allow the actor to perform sitting down. [58], After Ironside went off the air, NBC failed in two attempts to launch Burr as the star of a new series. Career: Born on May 21, 1917 in New Westminster, British Columbia, Raymond Burr came . [6]:5758[79][a], Other false biographical details include years of college education at a variety of institutions, being widowed twice, a son who died young, world travel, and success in high school athletics. So I said yes to both of them. Ultimately, the show was a huge success, running until 1975 and only getting canceled after nearly 200 episodes. In the pilot episode, a television movie, Ironside shows his strength of character and gets himself appointed a peculiar and unprecedented job; a "special department consultant", by his good friend, Police Commissioner Dennis Randall. [6]:19798 Burr also founded and financed the American Fijian Foundation that funded academic research, including efforts to develop a dictionary of the language. Burr, who had a busy film career before "Perry Mason," also starred as the crusty San Francisco detective confined to a wheelchair in the NBC series "Ironside," which ran from 1967 to 1975. It had been abandoned in 1961 and demolished in late 1967. [87], Burr was a well-known philanthropist. [12] Many were filmed in and around Denver, Colorado. Early in his film career, he was a natural in film noirs. It became the first drama series featuring a movie star as a disabled police officer. [18] While Burr's test was running, Gardner reportedly stood up, pointed at the screen, and said, "That's Perry Mason. Burr beat out around 50 actors who auditioned for the gig, according to the book Raymond Burr: A Film, Radio and Television Biography. "Some of the suits she wears retail for $450 apiece," he said. At that time his weight was 210 lbs. CORRECTION: In the Perry Mason TV show, he did not use a . Yet again, he shot scenes on the Fiji Islands, which were used in the episode "Return to Fiji.". [72][86] Burr planned to retire there permanently. La Bounty (1977-1991), who also oversaw the establishment of the Kellogg University Art Gallery in the 1970s. At the end of the movie Perry Mason (Raymond Burr) and Della Street (Barbara Hale) share the first on screen kiss between the two characters. In December 1967, demolition finally began. Find clues for Raymond Burr was a wheelchair bound detective in this or most any crossword answer or clues for crossword answers. The December 1970 issue of Mad magazine included a parody of Ironside titled "Ironride". There is a lot of Raymond Burr memorabilia in the tasting room, which you are allowed to touch, pick up, have your photo taken with- very different from Coppola's. This place was really welcoming, small and definitely worth the . Proof: bullets cant stop him. By Mary Murphy. He went on a crash diet over the following month; he then tested as Perry Mason and was cast in the role. he was using a wheelchair full-time because of his failing health. Search for crossword clues found in the Daily Celebrity, NY Times, Daily Mirror, Telegraph and major publications. The series revolves around former San Francisco Police Department (SFPD) Chief of Detectives Robert T. Ironside (Raymond Burr), a veteran of more than 20 years of police service, forced to retire from the department after a sniper's bullet to the spine paralyzed him from the waist down, resulting in his reliance on a wheelchair. Commissioner Randall was played by Gene Lyons. Creator Collier Young Stars Raymond Burr Don Galloway Don Mitchell See production, box office & company info Search on Amazon search for Blu-ray and DVD Add to Watchlist Added by 7.5K users 22 User reviews 12 Critic reviews Won 2 Primetime Emmys It was the fact that, first of all, I kind of liked 'Godzilla,' and where do you get the opportunity to play yourself 30 years later? [8] By his own account, which is open to question, in 1934 he joined a repertory theatre group in Toronto that toured throughout Canada, then joined another company that toured India, Australia, and England. [14]. Raymond Burr is synonymous with Perry Mason. Thus, like Ironside, Burr used a wheelchair to get around. Legendary musician-producer Quincy Jones crafted the track, which appeared as a funky, extended workout on his 1971 album Smackwater Jack. Burr was suffering from kidney cancer and required the chair. With doctor's orders to rest, Burr flew to Fiji. If I went on I'd have some things to say, not just about the bad jokes he's done about me, but bad jokes he does about everybody who can't fight back because they aren't there. Resuming the verifiable part of his autobiography, Burr began his association with the Pasadena Playhouse[3]:9 in 1937. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. He died at his ranch near Healdsburg, California, United States. have been selling them for nearly 20 years. [14]:357 Silver described Burr's private detective in Pitfall as "both reprehensible and pathetic",[14]:228 a characterization also cited by film historian Richard Schickel as a prototype of film noir, in contrast with the appealing television characters for which Burr later became famous. This is replaced in the episode titled "Poole's Paradise" after the van is destroyed by Sergeant Brown as part of a plan to trick a corrupt sheriff. personal use wheelchair transportation. According to A&E Biography, Burr was an avid reader with a retentive memory. March 6, 1970 Raymond Burr was featured on a U.S. postage stamp issued in 2009. Ironside is an American television crime drama that aired on NBC over eight seasons from 1967 to 1975. CORRECTION: In the Perry Mason TV show, he did not use. Despite good reviews for Burr, the critical reception was poor, and NBC decided against developing it into a series. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. [101] He also received the second annual award in 1961. Burr's life changed in 1960, when a 30-year-old actor named Robert Benevides delivered a script to the Perry Mason star. Over 20 years, their company, Sea God Nurseries, had nurseries in Fiji, Hawaii, the Azores, and California, and was responsible for adding more than 1,500 new orchids to the worldwide catalog. What was the cause of Raymond Burrs death? In 1986, he told journalist Jane Ardmore that, when he was 12 years old, his mother sent him to New Mexico for a year to work as a ranch hand. What are various methods available for deploying a Windows application? [56], Burr moved from CBS to Universal Studios, where he played the title role in the television drama Ironside, which ran on NBC from 1967 to 1975. [43] He went on to appear in such programs as Gruen Playhouse,[44] Four Star Playhouse,[45] Ford Theatre,[46] Lux Video Theatre,[47] Mr. and Mrs. North,[48] Schlitz Playhouse of Stars[49] and Playhouse 90. In fact, in the very last one he filmed, "The Case He was a household name for. The character was now sporting a goatee and living in Denver. He won Emmy Awards for acting in 1959 and 1961 for the role of Perry Mason, which he played for nine seasons (19571966) and reprised in a series of 26 Perry Mason TV movies (19851993). Part 2 is now shown in reruns as an episode of Ironside. ** The last three episodes of the series were not broadcast on NBC, but were later seen in syndication, as well as released on DVD. Try to name all the famous people on magazine covers in 1979. The show was filmed in a mixture of locations, sometimes in San Francisco, but also with a large number of studio scenes (including scenes with conversations in a moving vehicle, where a traffic backdrop is used). TV show description: After 20 years of police service, San Francisco Police Department (SFPD) Chief of Detectives Robert T. Ironside (Raymond Burr) was forced to retire because a snipers bullet paralyzed him from the waist down, confining him to a wheelchair. Can you recognize these stars on the cover of TV Guide in 1970? Did Perry Mason and Della Street ever kiss? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. [6]:34 Film historian Alain Silver concluded that Burr's most significant work in the genre is in ten films: Desperate (1947), Sleep, My Love (1948), Raw Deal (1948), Pitfall (1948), Abandoned (1949), Red Light (1949), M (1951), His Kind of Woman (1951), The Blue Gardenia (1953), and Crime of Passion (1957). kid and he was in a wheelchair in many of them, but when he first He played the role of Lee Quince, captain of the cavalry, in the series set at a post-Civil War military post where disease, boredom, the elements and the uncharted terrain were the greatest enemies of "ordinary men who lived in extraordinary times". He continued to work, wearing a cast under his suit onscreen. ", According toRaymond Burr: A Film, Radio and Television Biography, the actor flew to Australia on his birthday in 1970, as Ironside was on hiatus. [6]:21618 Benevides's attorney said that tabloid reports of an estate worth $32 million were an overestimate. In the NBC series "Ironside," Burr played a sarcastic San Fransisco detective who uses a wheelchair. Raymond William Stacey Burr Birth Place New Westminster, British Columbia, CA Born May 21, 1917 Died September 12, 1993 Cause of Death Cancer Biography Read More A commanding, heavy-set player, Raymond Burr first made an impression in vicious roles in the Anthony Mann films noir, "Desperate" (1947) and "Raw Deal" (1948). on it. Burr briefly attended San Rafael Military Academy in San Rafael, California, and graduated from Berkeley High School. "[19]:8403 William Hopper also auditioned as Mason, but he was cast instead as private detective Paul Drake. His portrayal of the suspected murderer in the Alfred Hitchcock thriller Rear Window (1954) is his best-known film role, although he is also remembered for his role in the 1956 film Godzilla, King of the Monsters!, which he reprised in the 1985 film Godzilla 1985. What are the Physical devices used to construct memories? "Before my boy left, before his time was gone," he said, "I wanted him to see the beauty of his country and its people. Burr headlined 27 of them, up until his death in 1993. Unlike the original series, which took place in San Francisco, the reunion was set and filmed in Denver, Colorado, with the justification that the character Ed Brown had become the city's deputy chief of police. [4] He was interested in flying, sailing, and fishing. He was also among the earliest importers and breeders of Portuguese water dogs in the United States. With its distinctive siren-like electronics and horn blasts, the opening theme was one of the coolest of the era. They were domestic partners until Burr's death in 1993. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. appeared in a wheelchair in the Perry Mason Movies, I do not The actor Raymond Burr played Perry Mason from 1961 to 1966, the character was not in a wheel chair. [99][100], For his work in the TV series Perry Mason, Burr received the Emmy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role (Continuing Character) in a Dramatic Series at the 11th Primetime Emmy Awards in 1959. Accessed on March 27, 2010, Best Actor in a Leading Role (Continuing Character) in a Dramatic Series, Golden Globe Award for Best Actor Television Series Drama, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GXFuM4ZfYU, Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actor, List of celebrities who own wineries and vineyards, "Raymond Burr, Actor, 76, Dies; Played Perry Mason and Ironside", "Pasadena Playhouse, A Star Crucible, Reopens", "The Pasadena Playhouse Featured On 'Tour America's Treasures', Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, "The Heaviest of Them All: The Film Noir Legacy of Raymond Burr", "At the Bar; Raymond Burr's Perry Mason was fictional, but he was surely relevant and, oh, so competent", "Raymond Burr: Much More than Just Perry Mason", "California, County Marriages, 18501952", "Robert Benevides: Raymond Burr Vineyards, Sonoma County, California", "Tuesday Tasting: Raymond Burr 2003 Cabernet Franc", "8339 West Dry Creek Road, Healdsburg, California, 95448 United States", "Raymond Burr: Years of Sadness, Dreams of Peace", "11 things you might not know about Raymond Burr (#10)", "Deep Throat's Daughter, The Kindred Free Spirit", "Burr, in the closet during TV career, comes to life in new book", "This week in TV Guide: February 18, 1961", Western Michigan University Cooley Law School, "Raymond Burr Exhibit Renovation Complete", "How Netflix Reverse Engineered Hollywood", "Netflix Built Its Microgenres By Staring Into The American Soul", "Elisabeth Bergner 'Miss Julie' Souvenir Program", https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAt3zroyoWg, "Ziv Launches Fine TV Series on Classic Yarns", "The Jack Benny Program, Season 12 (CBS) (196162)", "Perry Mason (19851993), The Perry Mason Mystery (19931995)", Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Burr&oldid=1137720763, Berkeley High School (Berkeley, California) alumni, Canadian expatriate male actors in the United States, Male actors from the San Francisco Bay Area, Outstanding Performance by a Lead Actor in a Drama Series Primetime Emmy Award winners, Articles with dead external links from October 2020, Pages with login required references or sources, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2015, TCMDb name template using numeric ID from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Pasadena Playhouse, directed by Lenore Shanewise, Pasadena Playhouse, directed by Raymond Burr (also actor), Family Theater Series, Congregation of Holy Cross, Attorney successfully defends the woman he loves, charged with murder, then finds out that she is guilty. Mr. Burr, who had a busy film career before "Perry Mason," also starred as the crusty San Francisco detective confined to a wheelchair in the NBC series "Ironside," which ran from 1967 to 1975. Raymond William Stacy Burr (May 21, 1917September 12, 1993) was a Canadian actor known for his lengthy Hollywood film career and his title roles in television dramas Perry Mason and Ironside. I think he was in the Case of the Final Fade Out. However, medical problems made that impossible and he sold the property in 1983. CORRECTION: In the Perry Mason TV show, he did not use a In 2013, a short-lived remake with the same name aired on NBC. [6]:5357 Returning from Vietnam in 1965, he made a speaking tour of the U.S. to advocate an intensified war effort. Brittany B {{ relativeTimeResolver(1580323600993) }} . Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features.
Kosher Wedding Packages,
Yamaha Mio I 125 Error Codes,
Harry Adopted By Delacour Fanfiction,
Articles R